SamWelcome to your first day, Mia!¡Bienvenida a tu primer día, Mia!
MiaThanks! What do I have to do?¡Gracias! ¿Qué tengo que hacer?
SamYou have to wear this apron. And you mustn't eat the cakes.Tienes que usar este delantal. Y no debes comerte los pasteles.
MiaDo I have to work on Sundays?¿Tengo que trabajar los domingos?
SamNo, you don't have to. We're closed on Sundays!No, no tienes que hacerlo. ¡Cerramos los domingos!
Expresión útilWhat do I have to do? — Ask it to know the rules on your first day.¿Qué tengo que hacer? — Pídele que conozca las reglas en tu primer día.
EscenaHouse rules
Zoe has new rules.Zoe tiene nuevas reglas.
ZoeNew house rules!¡Nuevas normas de la casa!
ZoeOne. We have to clean the kitchen every Friday.Uno. Tenemos que limpiar la cocina todos los viernes.
ZoeTwo. You mustn't use my shampoo.Dos. No debes usar mi champú.
MiaOK… and rule three?Bueno... y la regla tres?
ZoeThree. Zoe doesn't have to wash the dishes.Tres. Zoe no tiene que lavar los platos.
MiaNice try!¡Buen intento!
Expresión útilYou mustn't use my shampoo. — Use “mustn't” when something is not allowed.No debes usar mi champú. — Utilice “mustn't” cuando no se permita algo.
PalabraAllowed
Can you or can't you?¿Puedes o no puedes?
Palabraallowed /əˈlaʊd/ — Be allowed to = the rules say you can.Se permite /əˈlaʊd/ — Se le permite = las reglas dicen que puede.
You're not allowed to smoke here.Aquí no está permitido fumar.
Are we allowed to use our phones?¿Podemos usar nuestros teléfonos?
ErrorMustn't or don't have to?
These two are very different!¡Estos dos son muy diferentes!
Error frecuenteIt's Sunday. You mustn't come to work. → It's Sunday. You don't have to come to work.
Por qué:“mustn't” = it's forbidden. “don't have to” = it's not necessary. You can if you want.“mustn't” = está prohibido. “don't have to” = no es necesario. Puedes hacerlo si quieres.
You mustn't smoke here.No debes fumar aquí.
You don't have to wear a tie.No tienes que ponerte corbata.
She doesn't have to get up early.No tiene que levantarse temprano.
Astuce (wash) : “watch” starts the end sound with a little “t”: wa-tch. “wash” is soft: wa-sh.Astuce (lavado) : “watch” comienza el sonido final con un poco de “t”: wa-tch. “wash” es suave: wa-sh.
QuizRules quiz
Rules quiz: 4 questions!Test de normas: ¡4 preguntas!